Mongolia

All demographic indicators on this page are based on UN mid 2025 estimates unless stated otherwise.

Mongolia population (live estimate)

Real-time estimate based on UN demographic growth models.

3,517,000

Annual growth: 1.154%.

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Official population estimates

World population
3,517,000
Median age
26.9
Population growth rate (%)
1.154 ▲ Population is growing

This map shows first-level administrative regions (ADM1).

Key Facts

  • Capital: Ulaanbaatar
  • Official language: Mongolian
  • Region: Eastern Asia
  • Continent: Asia

Languages

A brief overview of the linguistic situation in the country.

Official language
Mongolian
Minority language
5
Working / administrative language
1

Mongolia has a linguistic landscape shaped by its ancient civilizations, regional cultures, and historical influences. Major national languages coexist with minority and Indigenous languages, reflecting deep cultural diversity.

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Religions

A brief overview of the religious composition of the country.

Dominant religion
Buddhism
Largest share
51.1%
Number of religions
7

The population of Mongolia shows strong regional variation driven by geography, urbanization, and migration. Large cities often concentrate diverse linguistic communities, while rural areas preserve traditional patterns.

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Cities

A brief overview of the major cities and urban structure of the country.

Largest city
Ulaanbaatar
Number of cities
2

The cities shown here represent major urban centres with populations over 50,000, as defined by the UN Degree of Urbanisation (DEGURBA) methodology. Smaller towns and rural settlements are not included.

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